Information Systems Ethics in Triad Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Data Systems Ethics in Triad - Coursework Example These States, separately, were: The USA, The Sultanate of Oman and South Korea. Explanation of social standards is proposed in order to advance viable diverse correspondence among the locales. Morals in USA. Overwhelmed by general Business morals and are in this way ready to mix with the moral standards somewhere else. Morals in Oman. The moral estimations of all Arab countries lie basically upon the standards of Islam. Islam coins the word ‘Akhlaq’ to speak to morals. The moral qualities othe f Oman are in this manner dependent on those recommended by the religion of Islam. Their similarity with moral qualities in the remainder of the group of three nations is familiar as the Islamic morals are the same. Morals in South Korea. The Korean Cultural inclinations advantage Organizations over people. Completely perfect with worldwide moral standards, the Korean morals accentuate upon the structure up of connections and authoritative agreement. So as to decide the moral front s influencing the Information Systems various factors are picked. ... The investigation was finished by sending the measurable test or ANOVA was utilized to think about the got outcomes. The non-social factors like age, sex etcetera influencing the reactions they were gotten through numerous relapse tests. For this reason, the social variable was recorded into three sham factors for every one of the group of three nations. Discoveries Targeting the elements that are influencing the IS ease of use and are comparable and distinctive in the three chose nations morally acquired reactions. Banker’s reactions were the reliant factors while culture was the autonomous variable. Socioeconomics of the 520 respondents are expressed straightaway: Since the poll was partitioned into three areas to be specific the representatives utilizing businesses IS assets for their own utilization during work, representatives utilizing employer’s IS assets for their own utilization after work and bosses sending perception upon workers limiting their exercises to o ffice work as it were. Ends The social variable was without a doubt seen as a solid factor that influenced the reactions of the respondents. It was seen that the three nations had various likenesses in their moral qualities. Notwithstanding, it was seen that there were sure contradictions also and it was looked for that exchanges and housing would be arranged to limit those distinctions and present a possible all inclusive code of morals for the convenience of Information Systems around the world. Job OF RESEARCH METHODS IN COMPUTING Research has essential significance in any field of life. As for software engineering, the space of examination turns out to be significantly increasingly significant. This is inferable from the way that registering gadgets have gotten unavoidable for the human race.â

Strategic IT Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Vital IT Management - Assignment Example Presentation of a few separated items and expected innovation upheaval expanded the necessities of clients. From that point forward, the associations are continually attempting to build up a few powerful business and operational procedures so as to make due in the serious worldwide business showcase. Online business is the case of current mechanical upset. A few worldwide, glocal and nearby associations are giving the office of online products and ventures to their clients through this web based business idea. Portable trade or M-business is a significant developing zone of internet business. The portable trade encourages their clients to associate with a few specialist organizations through a remote system and versatile. Besides, in portable business process, cell phones are being utilized for exchange preparing and data recovery. Area based help is a significant versatile application that is presented by the portable business so as to satisfy the interest of the clients. Be that as it may, the examination will break down and assess a few parts of portable application and area based administrations. So as to help the assessment, a few foundation hypotheses have been applied in this investigation. This assessment will assist the perusers with understanding the centrality of versatile business and area based administrations. Distinguishing proof of Key Ares The entanglements of present day life are drastically changing because of progress in buying or utilization procedure of the clients. It is hard for the individuals to devour time for customary shopping procedures and exercises because of their day by day occupied work routine. Portable trade is a huge and significant part of web based business. Individuals by and large put in their requests through a few versatile business applicatio

The Effect of Hormones on Your Social Anxiety

The Effect of Hormones on Your Social Anxiety Social Anxiety Disorder Diagnosis Print How Hormones Play a Role in Social Anxiety By Arlin Cuncic Arlin Cuncic, MA, is the author of Therapy in Focus: What to Expect from CBT for Social Anxiety Disorder and 7 Weeks to Reduce Anxiety. Learn about our editorial policy Arlin Cuncic Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on February 28, 2017 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on September 19, 2019 Social Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children martin-dm / Getty Images In This Article Table of Contents Expand Increased Anxiety Reduced Anxiety Managing Hormones Hormone Therapy View All Did you know that that hormones and anxiety are related in certain ways, such that your hormones may have a relation to how anxious you feel? When hormone levels are too high or too low, this can influence neurotransmitters, resulting in problems such as increased anxiety. People who live with social anxiety disorder (SAD) may find that levels of certain hormones related to feelings of increased or decreased social anxiety. Hormones That May  Increase  Social Anxiety There are three categories of hormones that may influence your social anxiety: stress hormones, sex hormones, and thyroid hormones. Learning more about how these hormones affect your body and mind is the first step to managing the impact of hormones on your anxiety levels. Stress Hormones (Adrenaline, Cortisol) Stress hormones are  released in situations where you feel out of control, overwhelmed, or severe anxiety (such as during the fight-or-flight response), which can increase your social anxiety. When you experience a stressful social or performance situation, your body responds by releasing hormones like adrenaline and cortisol to help you cope with the threat and prepare you for action. However, in the face of no actual physical threat, excess levels of these hormones leave you feeling anxious, to the point that you may experience a panic attack or the feeling of needing to escape. This becomes a vicious cycle: your hormones cause anxiety, the anxiety causes more hormones to be released, and so on. Sex Hormones (Testosterone, Estrogen) Sex hormones may also play a role in how much anxiety you experience. Changing levels of the sex hormones estrogen and testosterone can affect your social anxiety. Too little testosterone has been linked with increased anxiety, while female sex hormones such as estrogen may also be linked to anxiety symptoms. This is why anxiety often peaks during times of hormonal change such as during puberty, at certain times of the menstrual cycle in women, and during menopause in women. Stress and sex hormones can also have a combined  effect on anxiety. For example, when you experience stress, cortisol increases, which slows your bodys ability to make testosterone. The combined effect of increased cortisol and lowered testosterone means you feel more anxious. If that isnt bad enough, testosterone has partial control of the release of cortisol, so when testosterone is lowered, cortisol is more likely to increase. You can see why anxiety is a cycle that feeds itselfâ€"and that breaking this cycle is key to overcoming your symptoms. Thyroid Hormones Finally, there is a third type of hormone that may influence your anxiety: thyroid hormones. An overactive thyroid can create anxiety in the form of physical symptoms such as increased heart rate, palpitations, shakiness, and increased sweating. If you live with a thyroid condition, this may make your social anxiety worse. Hormones That May Reduce Social Anxiety If you think hormones are all badâ€"think again! There are actually some ways in which certain levels of hormones can help to reduce your anxiety. Testosterone Just as too little testosterone may increase social anxiety, increased testosterone may help to reduce it. Administration of testosterone, a steroid hormone,  has been shown to reduce socially fearful, avoidant, and submissive behavior. Indeed, in general, men have half the reported rate of anxiety disorders as women; this may be partially due to the role of testosterone in levels of anxiety. Testosterone boosts the action of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) and serotonin. These two brain chemicals are related to social anxiety disorder. Testosterone also reduces the activity of the amygdala, which is the brain structure related to fear and that initiates the fight-or-flight reaction. Increased testosterone means you are working with an amygdala that responds more like a person without an anxiety disorder. Estrogen Estrogen is known to calm the fear response in women. Specifically, research has shown that women trained on a fear-extinction task do better when the level of estrogen in their blood is higher. As a female, you may have also noticed that your ability to feel calm and relaxed (versus anxious and afraid) is better at certain points during your menstrual cycle. Oxytocin Youve probably heard of the love or bonding hormone, oxytocin. This is a peptide hormone, which acts as both a hormone and a brain neurotransmitter. It is known as the love hormone because it is released during contact with a loved one. Oxytocin is made in the hypothalamus and transported and secreted by the pituitary gland at the base of the brain. Its release also helps with childbirth and breastfeeding. In terms of its relation to mental health, oxytocin is known to have an anti-anxiety effect and may help to relieve social anxiety. Research shows that oxytocin promotes relaxation, trust, and stability, all of which make it easier to manage social situations. In fact, studies are ongoing on the role of oxytocin and how it could be used in the treatment of social impairments (including the social implications of autism). Vasopressin Finally, vasopressin is a hormone that regulates the bodys fluid balance. In addition, it is involved in the regulation of anxiety, stress coping, and social behavior. Vasopressin is released within the hypothalamus and limbic areas of the brain. Some researchers think that a balance must be struck between oxytocin and vasopressin for optimal social functioning. Vasopressin is particularly related to social behavior, sexual motivation, pair bonding, and maternal responses to stress. Steps to Managing Hormones and Relieving Social Anxiety Although hormonal changes may be related to social anxiety, treatment with hormonal therapy is not currently a common recommendation. Instead, your best option is some form of traditional treatment for SAD (e.g., medication or therapy) as well as understanding and adapting to the role of hormones in your anxiety. What is not helpful is self-medicating. Try to avoid temporary fixes like sugar, alcohol, smoking cigarettes,  or other substances that give you a quick feel-good surge but dont solve the long-term anxiety problem. Below are six tips to get you started: 1. You can increase your levels of testosterone and oxytocin naturally! These are things that are easy to do, but that you have to make a commitment to following through with. Increase testosterone by doing the following: Getting regular exerciseEating a balanced dietMinimizing stress (and therefore testosterone-depleting cortisol)Taking a multivitaminGet enough sleep each night Increase oxytocin by doing the following: Cuddling with a loved oneListening carefully when others speakBeing generous toward others (giving gifts)Trying metta meditation, which involves meditation designed to inspire love and kindness toward othersGoing on social mediaPetting a dog or cat 2. Use cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) techniques to learn new patterns of responding to anxiety. Over time, neural pathways in your brain will change, which will help to reduce your anxious responses to stressful situations. 3. If you have a thyroid condition that may be affecting your anxiety level, ask your doctor whether the two could be related and how treating your thyroid condition may help. 4. If you are female, learn how variations in hormones over your life and during the course of a month may influence anxious feelings. Just knowing how hormones may be affecting you may help you to stop and think: This situation is not causing my anxiety; my body is reacting to change in hormones,  which may allow you to take a step back and accept your feelings for what they are. 5. Research shows that adopting a strong pose (such as the Wonder Woman pose, with feet hip-width apart and hands on hips) for a few minutes may lead to increased testosterone and feelings of confidence, which in turn will help to lower social anxiety. 6. Take natural supplements that may help to lower stress levels (and cortisol) such as  ashwagandha. Note, however, that these type of supplements are not regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and have not been tested by this regulatory body for safety and efficacy. Is Hormone Therapy for Social Anxiety Possible? While it may sound fanciful that one day we might treat anxiety disorders with hormone therapy, the truth is that research on this topic is already happening. In one study, it was shown that women exposed to trauma who were administered female sex hormones (in the form of the morning-after pill, after a sexual assault) were less likely to develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after the event. This fascinating and ground-breaking research is likely to lead to advances in the area of hormone treatment of anxiety. It isnt that much of a stretch to imagine that this new understanding of the role of hormones in anxiety and fear could lead to treatments that relate to hormones. At present, however, beyond treating an underlying thyroid condition, or hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for problems related to menopause in women, your doctor is not likely to prescribe hormone treatment that will help to improve social anxiety. A Word From Verywell The best approach to managing social anxiety in light of the influence of your hormones is to understand natural fluctuations and  learn ways to boost hormones that help to reduce anxiety. However, if severe social anxiety is a problem for you and you have not sought diagnosis or treatment, its best to visit your family doctor for a referral to a mental health specialist. Effective treatments such as medication and CBT can be helpful in managing SAD that has gotten out of control. Rememberâ€"your anxiety does not define you and is not who you are. You can move past it with the right help. While hormones may be involved, you are not destined to live with social anxiety for the rest of your life. The 7 Best Online Anxiety Support Groups

The American Revolutionary War Was Truly Revolutionary

AP U.S History: D.B.Q. American Revolution Prompt: Analyze the extent to which the American Revolutionary War was truly ‘revolutionary?’† The American Revolution, which occurred approximately from 1765 to 1786, is also known as the American Revolutionary War and the U.S. War of Independence, for good reason. The conflict rose from rising tensions amid the people of Great Britain’s thirteen American colonies and the colonial government, which represented the British crown. Clashes between Britain’s troops and colonial militiamen in Lexington and Concord in April 1775 kicked off the armed conflict, and by the following summer, the rebels were waging a full-scale war for their independence. The American Revolution had tremendous consequences, and was not simply a victory of arms on the battlefield, but also a feat of economic and political ideals, and vital societal changes. This huge period of history set into motion greater changes in American life and created a country, demonstrating just how this revolutionary age in time more than earned its name. This battle of independence waged by the American coloni es against Britain influenced political ideas and revolutions around the globe, as a young, largely divided nation won its freedom from the greatest military force of its time. The American Revolution had huge and idealistic effects on the American population. It was social revolution. To a large extent, it sparked a fire within their hearts over the ideaShow MoreRelatedRip Van Winkle, By Washington Irving1187 Words   |  5 Pagesconsidered to be one of our country’s first and greatest folktales, â€Å"Rip Van Winkle† is also so much more. Indeed, the entirety of this narrative can be seen as a commentary and reflection on the establishment of an identity by the American people before and after the Revolutionary War. Washington Irving’s story focuses on a generally good-natured and spirited, albeit negligent, man by the name of Rip Van Winkle. Van Winkle is characterized as being â€Å"a kind neighbor, and an obedient, henpecked husband† whoRead MoreRadicalism of the American Revolution990 Words   |  4 Pagesof the American Revolution, written by Gordon S. Wood, the author states, The Revolution was the most radical and far reaching event in American history.† What about the American Revolution made it so â€Å"radical?† Wood believes it to be so radical because it not only brought change politically from British monarch to American rule which is what we are used to, but it also brought about changes in the basic structure of American society. Within the revolution there was more than just a war, there wasRead MoreRole of Woman During the Revolutionary War1133 Words   |  5 PagesRole of Woman During the Revolutionary War Have you noticed that in most history text books that the role of woman was never truly expressed in detail? Of corse we have heard of Gorge Washington, John Adams, male solders of the Revolutionary war, high ranking officers and the generals; what about the wives? What were the woman’s roles during these times? We should know that all woman were inferior to men, they had responsibilities and rights based on there social status. Most womanRead MoreThe American Revolution Can be Blamed on Enland Essay1213 Words   |  5 PagesPrior to the Revolutionary War, during the 1760s, the contradicting opinions among the colonists living in England’s thirteen colonies separated them into two major groups, those loyal to the king and to Great Britain and those patriotic to colonial America. 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Marquis de Lafayette was one of the most successful leaders during the American Revolutionary War. Not long after coming to America, Lafayette was commissioned a Major General in the Continental Army and began a close relationship with George Washington. His loyalty to Washington was a factor that helped him quickly climb the ranks. Even after the war, Lafayette referred to Washington asRead MoreThe Role of Freemasons in the American Revolution Essay1176 Words   |  5 PagesMason’s role in the American Revolution. The study of Revolutionary era freemasonry truly began in the early 20th century with authors such Sidney Morse and Bernard Fay. These authors believed that the Freemasons were the driving force behind the Revolution, making connections between Masons and important historical leaders and events. But revisionist historians such as Margaret C. Jacob, Steve Bullock, and Jasper Ridley are now writing that Masons truly had little impact during the war. These revisionistRead MoreNorth and South on Slavery1040 Words   |  4 Pages Starting around the Revolutiona ry war the North became opposed to slavery. They had less use for them as time went on. The South, on the other hand, felt they needed slavery. They had to harvest tobacco and cotton as fast as possible. They knew they couldn’t do it themselves so they bought lots of slaves to work in their fields. They didn’t need to pay them and they were relatively cheap. In the events from the end of the Revolutionary War to the beginning of the Civil War many ideals about slaveryRead MoreFrench and Indian War Effects Essay1048 Words   |  5 Pagesand Indian War had an almost innumerable number of effects on the political, economic and ideological relations between Britain and the American colonies. The war touched the entirety of America’s diverse population; from the Native Americans to the soldiers. Some were gladdened by the invigorated ties to England while others were enraged by the economic situation. There is no doubt that the war truly altered and revolutionize d the American colonies. As a rule, the Native Americans are perhapsRead MoreThe Literary Analysis Of Joseph Ellis Revolutionary Summer1065 Words   |  5 PagesIn Revolutionary Summer, Joseph Ellis attempts to display the importance of the summer of 1776 in a narrative form. In doing this, Ellis must balance his knowledge as a modern-day historian with his desire to ensure that the reader sees the narrative as it was in that time period. In his presentation of facts throughout Revolutionary Summer, Ellis recognizes that hindsight can be both a powerful historian tool to provide context as well as a negative mindset that can skew the true facts of the time

College Students and Depression - 1518 Words

Electronic Research Assignment College Students and Depression College Students and Depression College students face many adversities as they transcend their collegiate careers. Depression is a major factor that haunts students since the first day they walk into their first lecture. It is extremely alarming that in 2009, the American College Health Association found that 9.2 percent of college students at all types of institutions reported being diagnosed with depression, and 9.4 percent with anxiety (Fogg. B14-B15). However, most researchers believe that this statistical percentage is much higher. What exactly is depression? Depression in terms of psychology is, â€Å"a sign of psychiatric disorder or a component of various psychoses,†¦show more content†¦Also, the Stafford loans are not enough to support a person during college. The paper work and terminology in acquiring these loans is also tremendously difficult and puts a strain on the student who has to do this every year. It is extremely stressful on knowing whether or not you are going to be able to atte nd college next semester and can plague the student through the rest of their collegiate experience. For example Amy began to notice depression setting in because of her student loans. â€Å" It was probably during sophomore year when I got a notice from FAFSA that my financial aid did not go through. I had no money, and I needed to live at campus. It was stressful, but I got it worked out after a couple of weeks, but it was pretty much down hill from there. The stress just kept piling up with all the schoolwork, plus I missed my family. The only thing that made me feel ever the slightest bit better was partying and drinking and going home for weekend.†(Collins). This shows that debt can be the instigating force that pushes toward other depression-inducing factors such as alcohol. As more and more students enroll in college and seek money, the higher the risk for depression. The affect of depression on college students is extremely harmful in the progression of education. The factors of depression can contribute to the progression of depression well past the collegiate years. The one aspect that has the greatest effect of prolongingShow MoreRelatedEffects Of Depression On College Students1335 Words   |  6 Pages Depression is a commonly known mental illness that is founded not only in adults but, is founded more in College students. The 2012 from the Association for University and College Counseling Center Directors indicated that 95% of counseling center directors believe that psychological problems are a growing concern and that depression is one of the most prevalent concerns with 36% of college students affected (Jennifer E. Merrill, 2014). Depression in college tends to lead to alcohol abuse becauseRead MoreDepression Amongst College Students 1037 Words   |  5 Pagesam writing to you today because our colleges and universities across the country are faced with a major problem. The number of depressed students is increasing. These students are not able to get the help they deserve, and more importantly need. These institutions are not properly equipped to handle this problem adequately. Out of 8,500 students that participated in the study, only 22% of them received minimally adeq uate care, defined as â€Å"at least two months of antidepressant use plus at least threeRead MoreDepression Among College Students2013 Words   |  9 PagesDepression Among College Students A young anonymous college freshman tells a story of the depression she faced throughout her first semester of college, through the transition and her roommate issues. Not only did it occur during her first semester, but through her second as well. Unfortunately, the depression overtook her life to the point of her desire to commit suicide. Luckily, she changed her mind in the last second and saved herself (Reachout.com). This young student is not just one of fewRead MoreDepression Among College Students614 Words   |  2 Pagesreveal some insights regarding depression among college students. The researchers propose some interpretations of the findings that are subjected to further study. The occurrence of depression among college students is from their experiences in school, family and peers. College is not also something of a pressure cooker for depression because the more an individual surrounded by people who are depressed is the more he/she may become depressed. We all know that college life is where we experienced moreRead MoreDepression And Anxiety Among College Students Essay1376 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Anxiety and Depression disorders are two of the most common mental disorders in the United States (Falsafi, 2016). It appears that the two disorders are widespread amongst college students and most cannot manage the high demands and stress (Falsafi, 2016). Therefore, they feel more prone to depression and anxiety (Falsafi, 2016). According to the authors Miller Chung, mental health amongst college students in the United States is a growing public health concern and educators areRead MoreEffects Of Depression Among College Students847 Words   |  4 PagesDepression among college students has been a tragedy since the stresses of doing well and achieving the greatest have taken over students’ lives. Flyers around campus and posters on busses have shown us that 1 in 3 Terps (Maryland University students) will experience symptoms of depression. National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) has named the illness depression as a feeling of sadness that extends beyond a couple days an d interferes with daily life (Depression, NIMH). Maintaining a balanced life-styleRead MoreDepression and anxiety among college students1080 Words   |  5 Pages Depression and anxiety among college students is something that experts have focused on for the past twenty years. The information they have been gathering ranges from the different stressors of college life to the effects of ones culture on how they deal with depression or anxiety symptoms. They have identified a few core characteristics of depression and thoughts of suicide. These are both serious concepts in which people need to seek help for. It is important for students to reach out to friendsRead MoreTerm Paper : Depression Among College Students Essay1113 Words   |  5 Pagesis depression among college students (ages 18-25) . In the physical approach depression can lead to problems sleeping, concentrating, body aches and much more. In the cognitive approach college students who experience depression have thought of or committed suicide. 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You are preparing for the future and making the change into adulthood. Although, it you are prone to new experiences and somewhat a new life it may also be very challenging. It can also be a very testing time for students, especially those who may be at risk of developing or have already been diagnosed with a mental illness (College Depression). The onset of depressive illnesses

Tort Assignment Free Essays

Tort Law A tort is a civil wrong arising from an act or failure to act, independently of any contact, for which an action for personal injury or property damages may be brought. It deals with situations where a person’s behaviour has unfairly caused someone else to suffer loss or harm. A person who suffers a tortious act is entitled to receive compensation for â€Å"damages†, usually money payment from the person or people responsible. We will write a custom essay sample on Tort Assignment or any similar topic only for you Order Now The tort of negligence is a type of civil wrong where a contract does not exists between two parties and it is not a crime where punishment is the main objective to the offender. For example, trespass on private property or nuisance behaviour, these have no contract between the claimant and defendant and are dealt with under tort. In tort there must be four elements: 1, Duty of care, 2, Breach of legal duty, 3, Loss suffered and 4, causation. For the case to succeed the claimant must show the following: 1, There was duty of care, 2, There was breach of the duty, 3, Negligence was the main cause. Damages are split into two broad categories: 1, Special damages – are damages that are quantifiable (E. g. loss of earnings, hospitals bills etc. . 2, General damages – are damages that are less easily quantifiable and more subjective. They include elements for pain and suffering, loss of amenity and enjoyment of life, future health problems etc. Not all types of loss are recognised by the Law of negligence, for example the claimant cannot receive compensation for upset and inconvenience. Nominally the types of loss recognised as being cable of being cla imed are: Physical damage to the person or property of the plaintiff, Consequential economic damage, Nervous shock and psychological damage. The neighbour principle explains how we should apply reasonable care not to injure or harm anyone, who comes into direct relationship with us or with whom we are involved with. The concept of the neighbour relationship outlines the practical boundaries in which we are a duty of care. Explanations Nuisance This is an ancient law but has a renewed importance today as it is often used in claims concerning the protection of the environment from pollution and other elements. It protects rights of enjoyment of land and its premises. The tort of nuisance can be defined as an act that causes an unreasonable interference, annoyance or disturbances a person who seeks to exercise his/her rights relating to land. There are two types of nuisance, Public and Private. For example, barking dogs, noisy neighbours and burning rubbish on land. Negligence The area of tort law known as negligence involves harm caused by carelessness, not intentional harm. Proving a case for negligence entitle the injured plaintiff to compensation for his/her harm to their body, property, mental well-being, financial status or intimate relationships. those who go personally or being property where they know that they or it may come into collision with the persons or property of others have by the law a duty cast upon them to use reasonable care and skill to avoid such collision† stated by Fletcher V. Rylands 1866. Trespass This is one of the oldest forms of civil liability and the oldest form of tort law. Trespass companies a number of se parate torts. They can be trespass to a person (assault, battery or false imprisonment). There can also be trespass to goods or land. For example, putting their hands on someone without their permission. Defamation The tort of defamation aims to protect a person from someone publishing a defamatory statement about them. A defamatory statement is a false statement that adversely affects a person’s reputation. The publication must be such as too injure the plaintiff’s reputation in the mind of a reasonable reader. The law on defamation in Ireland is contained in the Defamation Act 1961. Civil Law and Criminal Law Purpose of the law Civil law deals with the upholding of individual rights. The purpose of a civil law hearing is to determine if those rights were violated. If there are criminal charges involved, a separate court will deal with these. The person bringing the law suit is the claimant, or the plaintiff, and the person or group accused of wrongdoing is the defendant. A judge, rarely a jury nominally hears the civil cases. On the other hand, Criminal law is mainly designed to protect society as a whole. In criminal law, charges are brought by a government agency, such as the gardi. The government agency becomes the plaintiff. When a trial takes place, the purpose is to determine guilty or innocent. The jury must reach a unanimous decision and the defendant can be found guilty or not guilty. Who brings the action? The person bringing a civil case to the courts is an individual or a group on their own behalf. The claimant in a criminal case would be a government body. Punishment There is a vast difference in the punishment given to people found guilty in a criminal law then the ones given to someone who is found liable in a civil case. If a person is found guilty of committing a crime, they can receive a fine, a prison sentence or even life. When someone is found liable in a civil case, they cannot be sent to jail. The normal punishment is an order to pay restitution to the wronged party. They could also have to pay punitive damages if their actions were found to be of malicious intent or gross negligence. Obviously, being found guilty in a criminal court of law can have more serious consequences then a finding of liable in a civil court. Case Study Duty of care is one of the main areas of tort relevant here. Duty of care, is the owner of the chemical manufacturing company, has an obligation to anyone working or visiting the premises to make sure they are protected by harm. Employers are liable for their employees while they are at work or on a work project. A failure to take such care can result in the defendant being liable to pay damages to the party that is injured or suffers loss as a result of their breach of duty of care. Veracious liability is a form of indirect liability where a person is generally liable for the torts committed by employees while at work and in the course of employment. An employer will usually have financial resources and should be insured to cover liability. The courts have developed the tort of negligence, which can be described as a civil liability for a failure to take proper care in the circumstances to avoid causing damage or injury which is foreseeable. To prove negligence the plaintiff must prove on a balance of probabilities all of the following elements: The defendant owned the plaintiff a duty of care to avoid causing injury to persons or property, There was a breach of duty by the defendant, Breach of duty caused injury, damage or loss to the plaintiff and, The damages or loss must be a type recognised by the law. Contributory negligence is claimed when the defendant argues that the plaintiff was partly responsible by failing to exercise responsible for his/her injury. The essential issue is whether the plaintiff / claimant exercised responsible care in respect to his/her own safety. George knows that it’s a breach of his employers work rules to listen to music while on or in the company’s premises. He also was being irresponsible by not wearing the assigned footwear of anti-slip shoes. In Sinnot v. Quinnsworth (1984), the plaintiff was a passenger in a car owned by the defendant, and was injured in a collision with a bus. Evidence showed that the injuries would have been less serious if the plaintiff had been wearing a seat belt. It was held that the plaintiff’s damages would be reduced by 15%. Judge v Reape [1968] 1 I. R. 226 where the plaintiff and the defendant had been in each other’s company for twelve hours during which time the defendant consumed a gallon and three pints of beer and a small whiskey. Judge drove the car and crashed and Reape was severally injured. Reape tried to sue Judge for physical damage but he knew Judge was after drinking so he did not get compensation. How to cite Tort Assignment, Papers Tort Assignment Free Essays Notwithstanding that Fred may have provoked Ivan by his behavior towards Van’s fiancee, however, this is not a defense to intentional wrong doing tort and there is not any reasonable ground for defense of the person of another. Therefore, it would be found that Ivan is liable for battery. There was no actual damage suffered by Fred, hence Fred can only claim for nominal damages. We will write a custom essay sample on Tort Assignment or any similar topic only for you Order Now Ivan v the parking attendant – negligent trespass for battery A negligent battery Is committed when there is a negligent, direct, and unlawful contact or without consent to another’s person. Prima ice, the injury suffered by Ivan was a direct injury negligently conflicted through the carelessness and negligence of the parking attendant. It would be reasonably foreseeable that someone might be standing under the shutter door. However, there has not been any precedent to support the view of negligent battery, or the interrelationship of fault and trespass. In my view, as long as the elements of negligent trespass are satisfied, the parking attendant would be liable for negligent battery and Ivan might claim for compensatory damage to compensate his medical bill and economic loss. Assault Ivan v Fred Assault is the intentional creation of an apprehension of an immediate physical violence or unlawful contact. Fred subjectively intended to create an apprehension to carry out force toward Ivan. The nature of his act was clearly manifested to batter Ivan; which hands clenched Into fists towards someone’s face In close physical proximity would prove the apparent ability of Fred to carry out threat. However, concurrently, Fred intentionally made the statement â€Å"you wait till you’re outside tonight, you d*head-you’ll regret this†. Although the verbal threat could ultimately kook away the immediacy, and the fact that Fred went to sleep suggested that there was no clear evidence for imminent physical violence. However, Fried’s threatening gesture was satisfied to cause reasonable apprehension of unlawful physical contact on any ordinary man’s mind even If the act might happen later. So It would be found that Fred is liable and hence Ivan might claim for nominal damages as there was no actual injury suffered. Officer v Tony Referring to the definition, the threatening statement constituted an intentional act which aimed to threaten the officer with some kind of harm. The verbal threat of immediate force, and were not even mere words, which has all the essential elements Tort ten emcee to apprehend Immediate unlawful contact, although Tear Is not required. Tony subjected the officer to intimidation by threatening to apply force in a circumstance that the officer had no right to block the way out. However, the threat was made in an improper way of enforcing his right. On the on hand, it may be said that there has been restrained on Tony by his wife. Yet, this still constituted assault by possessing the means of carrying immediate violence. Tony would be liable for assault without any reasonable defenses. Again, the officer can claim for nominal damages only without any actual damage or feeling injury. Rosins v Fred As previously defined, Fred voluntarily blocked Rosin’s way which sufficed as the intentional act. The act of unlawful photographing would not constitute an assault itself (intrusion of privacy instead), however, blocking someone with a â€Å"display of force† would carry means of threat into effect, which was reasonable for Rosins to apprehended that the threat would be carried out without her consent. Therefore, Fred would be liable for the tort of assault and Rosins likely to claim for nominal damages. False imprisonment Richard v State Immigration Department [SIDE] False imprisonment is defined as intentional and unauthorized restraint or deprivation of a person’s liberty. SIDE was intentionally wrongful used its authority to cause confinement on Orchard’s liberty. Although there has been no application of physical force, there was evidence of complete submission by Richard to the control of SIDE, which eventually satisfied the test drawn from the High Court’s decision in Bellman New Ferry Co Ltd v Robertson. Through the presence of officers, it was apparent that if Richard refused to follow, he would be restrained by force. So the requirement of total restraint was abundantly satisfied. SIDE took the action without any requisite warrants or reasonable evidence; a tip-off was not enough to satisfy, so an imprisonment was unlawful since the beginning as they barred exit. No minimum time limit is specified for constituting of the action on false imprisonment, therefore 20 minute of detention or even less than that would still constitute an action for false imprisonment. There will be no relevant defenses since the action was unlawfully carried out, without any authorized license or statutory authority. So SIDE would be liable for false imprisonment; Richard can claim for nominal damages to signify the infringement of his right and inconvenience without any forthcoming apology from SIDE; and aggravated damages for the injury of his dignity and feelings upon the false imprisonment. There is no evidence to suggest that Richard suffered any special loss; however, the conduct of SIDE was considered to be arbitrary, oppressive and unconstitutional, hence exemplary damages would be claimed People in Bar Aroma v State Immigration Department [SIDE] Referring to the definition, as followed concurrently with the false imprisonment of Richard, the liberty of people in Bar Aroma was deprived totally; which could be proved through the fact that Tony was not able to leave. Again, SIDE had no right to imprison people without any requisite warrants; hence an imprisonment was unlawfully carried out. SIDE may argue of people’s unawareness at the time the action took place. However, a person could be imprisoned without his knowing it. And the residence of an official stationed at each door would reasonably allow people to recognize the total restraint on their liberty. Based on the fact, the mean of escape exalters tongue ten sloe door; never, tens was not apparent; nonce It wall not De regarded as reasonable. So SIDE would be found to be liable for false imprisonment. The people would expect to recover no more than nominal damages due to their unawareness of falsely imprisoned condition and no actual harm suffered. The local people v State Immigration Department [SIDE] As previously defined, the elements of total restrained through unlawful conduct ere abundantly satisfied by barring the exit doors and without any requisite warrants. However, there is no false imprisonment where a person has consented to a restraint on liberty. It appeared that the local people were aware of the situation and of the purpose in which it was carried out. It was therefore determined that they had given implied consents which surrendered of a portion of their liberty for a certain period. If the cause of action is a restraint in accordance with that surrender, they cannot complain. Furthermore, by knowing the side door, there was a reasonable mean of escape. Hence, an action for false imprisonment might not lie. Rosins v Fred Referring to the definition, Fred intentionally blocked Rosin’s way, which illustrated his unlawfulness by stopping her right from passing the way. However, on the same fact, Fred did not amount to a total restraint of Rosin’s liberty, as she could go different directions in order to avoid Fried’s contact; hence through merely obstructed the passage of Rosins in a particular direction and not preventing her from going in another direction, Fred will have a good defense to any claim in false imprisonment rough by Rosins. How to cite Tort Assignment, Papers

Since the dawn of human existence and literally th Essay Example For Students

Since the dawn of human existence and literally th Essay Artousands of years before written languages developed, people have used their surroundings as a canvas for expression. Art has changed a great deal since it began many centuries ago. Centuries, however, are not necessary to notice the small changes that are evident even between cultures of similar times. Egyptians were the first people to make a large impact on the world of art. Egyptians needed art for their religious beliefs more than decoration or self-gratification. The most important aspect of Egyptian life is the ka, the part of the human spirit that lives on after death. The ka needed a physical place to occupy or it would disappear. Most of the important men of Egypt paid to have their body carved out of stone. That was were the spirit would live after the man dies. They used stone because it was the strongest material they could find. Longevity was very important. The bodies are always idealized and clothed. Figures are very rigid, close-fisted, and are built on a vertical axis to show that the person is grand or intimidating. Early Greek art was greatly influenced by the Egyptians. Geography permitted both cultures to exchange their talents. The beginning of Greek art is marked by the Geometric phase. The most common art during the Geometric phase was vase painting. After the vase was formed but before it was painted, the artist applied a slip (dark pigment) to outside. Then the vase was fired and the artist would incise his decorations into the hard shell. It was important to incise humans into the fired slip and not paint with slip. The people in the pictures needed light colored skin, which was the color beneath the slip, because Greeks wanted to make their art as realistic as possible. Much like Egyptian art, the Greeks idealized the bodies of the people in their works. As the Archaic Period evolved, Greek sculptures were almost identical to the Egyptians. Unlike Egyptians, the Greeks refined their techniques. Greeks used marble to construct thei r sculptures. It was considered more valuable and beautiful than any material available. Christian art was introduced during the middle of the second century. In many cases the only difference between Christian art and Hellenistic art is the religious subject matter. After a slow start the Christians introduced something new, the mosaic. Mosaics became a favorite medium for decorating churches.Emily Dickinson wrote, If I feel physically as if the top of my head were taken off, I know that is poetry. The so-called academic painters of the 19th century believed themselves to be doing their part to improve the world in presenting images that contain or reflect good conservative moral values, examples of virtuous behaviour, of inspiring Christian sentiment, and of the sort of righteous conduct and noble sacrifice that would serve as an appropriate model toward which we should all aspire to emulate. The new world order reflected in academic modernism was seen by the progressives as merely supportive of the status quo and offered a future that was little more than a perpetuati on of the present. The conservatives wished to maintain existing institutions and preferred gradual development over radical change. The fifteenth century marked the arrival of the Renaissance. Artists have finally recaptured the amazing detail and realism that the Greeks and Romans perfected. Artists pushed the limits with new exciting mediums and bright colors. Works of art, in my opinion, are the only objects in the material universe to possess internal order, and that is why, though I dont believe that only art matters, I do believe in Art for Arts sake. E. M. Forster (1879 1970)