Evaluation And Evaluation Of A Research On Evaluative...

Introduction Have you ever been motivated to buy a thing that you may have seen it in the advertisement once or twice but have no further knowledge on it at all. You may not know why you made your choice but you just feel the urge to buy it. This is called â€Å"I like it, but I don’t know why† effect (Winkielman and Berridge, 2003) and it s a trick which advertisements play on you when you are not consciously aware of. The trick they played is called evaluative conditioning. Evaluation condition may be best defined as an effect that is attributed to a particular core procedure. Specifically, evaluative conditioning refers to a change in the valence of a stimulus (the effect) that is due to the pairing of that stimulus with another positive or negative stimulus (the procedure) (De Houwer, 2007) Over time, stimuli that often coincide with desirable objects are perceived more favorably, whereas stimuli that often coincide with undesirable objects are perceived less favor ably--called evaluative conditioning (De Houwer, Thomas, Bauyens, 2001) Evaluative conditioning is a subclass of Pavlovian conditioning effects. Unlike classical conditioning, which is considered to be a learned behavioral response to a signal, evaluative conditioning is defined as the learning of likes and dislikes (Walther, Nagengast, and Trasselli 2005) that does not depend on awareness of the contingencies (De Houwer et al. 2001; Levey and Martin 1975; Walther 2002). As a intervention technique,Show MoreRelatedMarketing Research925 Words   |  4 Pagesare frequently treated by consumer researchers as primarily evaluative in nature, i.e. they can be rated with degrees of an attribute - good/bad, favourable /unfavourable. Additionally the state of mind (emotionally charged states like happiness, sadness, anger, disgust, distress, shame, guilt, surprise etc.) also affects the attitudes by enhancing positive or negative emotions or feelings. This relates to consumer’s over all evaluation of the attitude object. Consumer beliefs about a brand’s attributesRead MoreAnalysis Of Cheesman And Merikle ( 1984 )1611 Words   |  7 Pagesfearful of the possibility of embedding subliminal messages in advertising to influence consumer’s choices, putting subliminal persuasion into practice. This essay will examine the psychological explanations of subliminal stimulus and evaluate the research question: â€Å"to what extent are subliminal stimuli effective at influencing behaviours? The Neurological Effects of Subliminal Stimulation The neurological effects of subliminal stimulation were investigated to provide support for the cognitive levelRead MoreAvon Products by Laura Argo1722 Words   |  7 PagesStudy of Avon Products is selected and analyzed while including brief description of firm’s status which has been led to determination of changes found necessary, identification of model for change theory, identifying and investigating the types of evaluation information collected and speculation about success of changes within five years. Finally this paper includes how the adjustments could be made in the case if the results are found less than ideal. 2. Identify the model for change theory typifiedRead MoreMark2051 Notes4736 Words   |  19 Pages(demonstrates top-down processing) Preference: is the consumer’s comparative evaluation of product attributes in terms of utility Preferences are constructed according to: †¢ Problem representation †¢ Information search †¢ And decision rules used Utility Utility: the subjective value of a product attribute Th ink Preference Construction sw ap Lecture 5 – Preference Construction, Information Search Evaluation Do cu me nt 1. In economics terms, it’s the ranking of attributesRead MoreState Anxiety And Anxiety Disorders3266 Words   |  14 PagesEvaluation. Since the 1980’s there has been a major increase in research on anxiety. Ever since, special clinics have been introduced in order to help deal with anxiety disorders. It is suggested that the growth in research is due to anxiety being regarded as one of the most prominent and pervasive emotions, causing distress and negatively affecting large numbers of people. As stated by Rachman (2004), anxiety is described as the experience of unpleasant feelings and the unsettling anticipation ofRead MoreA Motivated Tactitian3391 Words   |  14 Pagesautomatic and controlled evaluative responses and the respective regions of the brain that showed activation. Evaluative responses can be viewed as moral judgments because of their â€Å"good-bad† nature. A non-evaluative task which did not involve moral judgments was also added to act as a control. The purpose of this study was to systematically distinguish brain activity associated with deliberate social evaluations from that asso ciated with more automatic social evaluative judgment. Twelve participantsRead MoreOrganizational Behavior7738 Words   |  31 Pagespercent of its revenues from sales outside the United States. †¢ New employees at Finland-based phone maker Nokia are increasingly being recruited from India, China, and other developing countries— non-Finns now outnumber Finns at Nokia’s renowned research center in Helsinki. †¢ All major automobile makers now manufacture cars outside their borders; Honda builds cars in Ohio, Ford in Brazil, Volkswagen in Mexico, and both Mercedes and BMW in South Africa. Increased Foreign Assignments †¢ If you’reRead MoreCase Analysis : Shoe Marks And The Simpson s House After His Arrest2078 Words   |  9 Pages2). (CCRC, 2010)The issue here was that the database didn’t show what frequency of population used the same patterned shoes. C represented frequency of size- The footwear marks were considered of size 11. Database called Shoes and Allied Trade Research Association was used, which indicated that approximately 3% of the population would have size 11 footwear. And hence the likelihood ratio was calculated as 1/0.333. This figure was moderated by the expert based on the factors that the sole unitsRead MoreOrganisational Behaviour- Attitudes Value5774 Words   |  24 PagesFrom the time of its entry into the subject of psychology till now, interest in attitudes has been strongly growing. However, over the years attitudes have been studied with differing methods and the emphasis has also been different. Attitudes are evaluative statements. These are frequently used in describing people, objects and events and explaining the peoples behaviour. These reflect how one feels about something or some body. When I say, I like Ram. I am expressing my attitude about Ram. ThusRead MoreWGU Study Questions IDC1 Essay2997 Words   |  12 Pagesï » ¿1. A Likert scale (/ˈlÉ ªkÉ™rt/[1]) is a psychometric scale commonly involved in research that employs questionnaires. It is the most widely used approach to scaling responses in survey research, such that the term is often used interchangeably with rating scale, or more accurately the Likert-type scale. One of the most common scale types is a Likert scale. A Likert scale is commonly used to measure attitudes, knowledge, perceptions, values, and behavioral changes. A Likert-type scale involves a series

Music and Memory The Impression of the Soul - 1985 Words

Franz Liszt once said Music embodies feeling without forcing it to contend and combine with thought, as it is forced in most arts and especially in the art of words. If music has one advantage over the other media through which a person can represent the impressions of the soul, it owes this to its supreme capacity to make each inner impulse audible without the assistance of reason. Reason, after all, is restricted in the diversity of its means and is capable only of confirming or describing our affections, not of communicating them directly in their full intensity. To accomplish this even approximately, reason must search for images and comparisons. Music, on the other hand, presents at once the intensity and the expression of feeling. It is the embodied and intelligible essence of feeling, capable of being apprehended by our senses. It permeates them like a dart, like a ray, like a mist, like a spirit, and fills our soul. Music has been passed down from generation to generat ion to show an audience beauty and associate with their emotions. My violin teacher Brunilda Myftaraj once stated that I could play violin all day without ending and I would feel empty, she advised that unless I connect with my audience than the music I’m playing has no exquisiteness and means nothing to no-one. My teacher said a respectable performance is one in which the audience is drawn into the beauty of the playing and adores the music so much that they effortlessly remember the musicShow MoreRelatedHow School Is An Environment That Has Great Powers903 Words   |  4 Pagesgrowing plant and for the soul of the child.† Carl Jung Strolling down memory lane, back to school experiences as a child, many different memories come flooding back; some positive ones, and some not as enjoyable. School is an environment that has great powers. It has the power to influence and shape us, no matter what grade level. Teachers need to realize the great responsibility they carry, for without them even knowing, they can make everlasting marks and impressions on their students, both positivelyRead MoreRumours, by Fleetwood Mac Essay693 Words   |  3 Pagesto appreciate music. As I entered my mid-20s, I had acquired a passion for music of the 1970s and fell in love with the Eagles, Rush, Led Zeppelin, but most importantly, Fleetwood Mac. Their music had become a part of me. It had developed into my personal therapeutic outlet and helped to keep me sane during any emotional upheaval that I might have been experiencing. It was then that I realized that the passionate, heartfelt music of Fleetwood Mac captured the very being of my soul and I became entrancedRead More Music and Poetry1695 Words   |  7 PagesMusic and Poetry The poetry of William Wordsworth initiated the Romantic Era by emphasizing emotion, intuition, and pleasure rather than form and affectation. His poems set the stage for John Keats, a central figure in early 19th century Romanticism. The fundamental themes in the works of both poets include: the beauty of nature; the consanguinity of dreams/visions and reality and yet the tendency of dreams to mask reality; the intense emotions brought about by beauty and/or suffering; andRead MoreThe Rachel Hillman Band Concert Essay1168 Words   |  5 PagesConcert As discussed throughout this course music is a bridge that brings people together. As I sat through this concert I looked around and noticed that there was a great mixture of cultures and races attending despite the small attendance for the event. Socially I noticed that people were conversing and laughing with one another. Parents were engaging and being attentive to their young children as they ran around on skates and scooters. It made an impression on me that it was a time that for many peopleRead MoreAnalysis Of Alan Ginsberg s Howl 1343 Words   |  6 Pagesthem on a fixed base. In this part of the poem, the fixed base is the word â€Å"who.† The ability to play with the length of the lines, whether long or short helps Ginsberg to provide his characterizations. Some of the long lines function to provide an impression of a single evening composed of disjointed moments, much as they might be experienced when the individual speaker is high on drugs and remembering only sm all moments of time through the evening: who sang out of their windows in despair, fell outRead More Rent: The Musical Essay880 Words   |  4 PagesRent. To most people it is associated with an apartment, house, or another object. This word rarely conjures pleasant memories, but more often annoyance and stress. However, when someone mentions rent to me, my mind races to some of the most memorable experiences in my life. When I hear the word Rent, I immediately see an eclectic Broadway production, overflowing with talent, adventure, and magic. I picture scantly clad actresses, strutting across the stage. I envision stunning duets andRead MoreThe Neural Epidural Junction Is Where The Psychological, Physiological And Somatic Systems Intersect931 Words   |  4 Pagesgrouping of three large and small figureheads, and an umbrella-like sky (the visor). These figureheads enable viewers to sieve their thoughts and feelings as I do. Specifically, sharing the mental anxiety through shock encounters (concrete figurehead); memories of the Holocaust and traumatic circumstances. Also, the physiological response captured in an array of colors (glass figurehead) which, convey emotional responses. In addition, even though, I am a down-to-earth person, the third figurehead communicatesRead MoreEssay on The Dead1219 Words   |  5 Pageshis soul and the dead. Some people died, but they are still alive because they have true love. Some people are alive, but they are still dead because they never love.I like the story for three reasons. First, the of content Gabriels speech at the party impressed me a lot. James Joyce, who is a genius writer, is like all other Irish writers, he loveshis land and people very much. Gabriel is the substitute of his own. â€Å"He ran over the headings of his speech: Irish hospitality, sad memories, theRead MoreThe Legend Of Sleepy Hollow And Rip Van Winkle1576 Words   |  7 Pagesdescribes music produced from an organ. He writes, Suddenly, the notes of the deep labouring organ burst upon the ear, falling with doubled and redoubled intensity, and rolling, as it were, huge billows of sound†¦ Again, the pealing organ heaves its thrilling thunders, compressing air into music, and rolling it forth upon the soul. What long--drawn cadences! What solemn sweeping concords!. . . And now it is winding up in full jubilee--it is rising from the earth to heaven--the very soul seems raptRead MoreThe Stimulus Of The Words970 Words   |  4 PagesIn â€Å"Jabberwocky† the stimulus of the words in context activates thought and the ability to recognize known structures in memory. The context and the placement of the words in sentences allow us to make assumptions about grammatical structure. We determine how a particular word functions in that sentence, i.e., an adjective, verb, adverb, etc. And the words’ placement within the sentence helps to reveal meaning. (â€Å"Sukar Ray†) Lewis Carroll makes up words that tell a story, when strewn together

Illegitimate Power Bastards in Renaissance Drama Manchester Essay Example For Students

Illegitimate Power: Bastards in Renaissance Drama Manchester Essay A Journey Towards Maturity and Identity Life itself is a journey full of bonding and experiences which lead to wisdom and understanding. Without maturity one may never have these life teaching experiences. This leads to an empty shell of a person never truly feeling passion, love or peace. In the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain, Huck Finn is trying to find purpose and identity through his moral battle with society, while Holden Caulfield in The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger is an adolescent struggling to mature into manhood. In comparison they are both on a journey towards maturity and identity. Holden and Huck are similar in their threshold crossing, road of trials, and flee and returnCrispell 43. The threshold crossing is the place or the person that the character crosses over or through into the zone unknown, being the place where journey into self discovery beginsCrispell 43. Many times the call to their adventure includes going by desire, chance, abduction, or by being lured by an outside force. In the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Huck is forced with the dilemma of whether to stay with his father and continue to be abused or to leave. Huck leaves because he desires to begin his journey. He also realizes that he will be forced to choose between his morals and his conscience, and will have to decide which of these morals to hold trueRubenstein 23. Huck also witnesses a symbolic death. He sets up his fathers cabin to look like he was brutally murdered. He emerges from this as a runaway child and now must be careful of what he does so that he does not get caught. He tells people false aliases for himself so that no one knows his true identity. Every time Huck does this, he is symbolically dying and reemerging a more experienced person. At this point, Huck is now on his way to begin his journey into self discovery. Just like Huck, Holden also crosses over into the zone unknown, but starts his journey in a different way. Holden Caulfield is a very privileged kid. Throughout his life, his parents were able to send him to wealthy private schools hoping he would mature and begin to learn more about his own self. His call to adventure comes because he is mentally torn between experience and innocence. It would seem to him that an outside force is luring him to do something, but in actuality he is beginning his journey because of his desire. It is evident that Holden cares nothing about school and about his own education. He wants to leave so he can begin the journey of self discovery and escape the phoniness that surrounds himGordon 2043. Holdens symbolic death is very similar to Hucks. Holden also uses fake names, but he symbolically dies through fainting, changing the position of his red hunting hat, and his association with bathrooms. The bathroom motif, or the reoccurring appearance of the bathroom, symbolizes death for Holden because he enters bathrooms with a neurotic and pragmatic frame of mind and exits with a cleared mind. The symbolic death is what gets Holden and Huck onto their journeys and into the road of trials, where they experience many things that will change them forever. The road of trials is where most of the characters journey takes placeCrispell 43. It is on the road of trials that the character begins to experience different obstacles that will change his life forever. For Huck Finn, his learning adventure takes place on the Mississippi River. Huck finds freedom on the river and it is here that he truly learns about himself. However, he still faces problems with moral decisions of right and wrong and helping a runaway slave to achieve freedom. Hucks traveling companion is Jim. As anti- society that Huck is, you would think that he would have no qualms about helping Jim. However Huck has to have feelings that slavery is correct so we can see the ignorance of racial bigotry. The Renaissance in Quattrocento ItalyWhen Holden first checks into the hotel, he is depressed and wants to call Phoebe but doesnt because its too late. But I certainly wouldnt have minded shooting the old crap with Phoebe for a whileSalinger 67. In comparison, Holden and Huck in their adventures show that they choose to live in a decadent society in order to help other live as they wish to live rather than to withdraw in order to preserve their own scruples or force their own brand of salvation on othersStevick 3. The road of trials that both Holden and Huck experienced helped them to mature and find their own true identities. What Holden went through helped him to grow, and what Huck experienced helped him to mature. This now brings way to their flee and return where both Huck and Holden are forced to make decisions with where they want to go. The flee and return comes after the character completes his obstacles and is allowed to return to reality, the real worldCrispell 43. At this point, the characters have now mentally grown and have shown new signs of maturity. Huck and Holden are both social misfits and want to escape civilization. After Huck frees Jim, he chooses to set out for new territory. He has arrived at maturity and self sufficiency and he is poised at the end in a delicate balanceAdams 89. So many things Huck witnessed like the cheating of the King and Duke, the lack of caring by the townspeople for Boggs, the naivetÃÆ'Â © of the Wilks sisters, and the lack of common sense by Tom Sawyer guided him to making the right moral choices. Throughout the adventure you have Huck Finn trying to find the one thing he could only find on the river, freedom, but a person can only stay on the river for so long, and so you have to go on land to face the injustices of society. As harsh as it seems its true. Huck may never understand why society is the way it is, but his flee is from all thats wrong. However Holden Caulfield has nowhere to set out to. Consequently he is placed in a mental institution where he is forced to accept his own problems. The society that he so detested when he was in New York, changed him for the better. Holden is fated at the critical age of 16 years, to fall from innocence, to experience the death of the old self and to arise a new Holden to confront the world afreshBehrman 3017. The flee and return for both characters comes at the end of their journeys because now they have grown and have understood more about the societys they each live in. Huck wants to just set out and find new territory. He wants to flee to nature where he is free from civilization. In Holdens case, he has to realize his hypocrisy and accept that his problem forced him to get professional help in the end. Holden and Huck are similar in their threshold crossing, road of trials, and flee and return. Both Holden and Huck completed their own journeys to become more complete individuals. Children have an innocent perception of the world around them, but as adults we realize the world is not black and white but various colors. Huck and Holdens journeys can be compared to the metamorphosis which a caterpillar goes through. The caterpillar starts out innocentblack and white and goes through stages or obstacles to become a butterfly. In the end the caterpillar emerges colorful as well as more complete and experiencedCrispell 50.

The Causes of the Net Neutrality Act Essay Example For Students

The Causes of the Net Neutrality Act Essay There is no clear definition of the term â€Å"Net Neutrality†. â€Å"The term was coined by law professor Tim Wu, however the idea can be traced back to the open access movement.lead by Lawrence Lessing. (Kramer, Jan, Lukas Wiewiorra, and Christof Weinhardt.) Some of the main reasons the â€Å"Net Neutrality† act was created are, the creation of bills designed to control piracy infringing on peoples writes and privacy, the lack of control over how laws are monitored and enforced, and Internet Service Providers creating new media services and preventing use of alternatives to their customers through their networks. â€Å"The Internet is more than just the physical infrastructure over which it operates. It is a vibrant marketplace and an entirely new format for free expression, even a political landscape and a tool for free organization.†(About Net Neutrality) With this technology becoming more prominent in our modern lives, one cant help but be concerned over the outcome of its well being. Over recent times, both in Canada, and the US new bills have been created to stop piracy, though the immediate idea of these bills has good meaning some of the ideas introduced in these bills infringe on peoples privacy and writes. In the US two bills drew the most attention, dubbed â€Å"SOPA† and â€Å"PIPA†. SOPA the â€Å"Stop Online Piracy Act† was designed â€Å"To promote prosperity, creativity, entrepreneurship, and innovation by combating the theft of U. We will write a custom essay on The Causes of the Net Neutrality Act specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now S. property, and for other purposes.† (U.S. Congress) PIPA the â€Å"Preventing Real Online Threats to Economic Creativity and Theft of Intellectual Property Act† a proposed law thats purpose is â€Å"To prevent online threats to economic creativity and theft of intellectual property, and for other purposes.†(S. 968) These tw. .tworks. (Reardon, Marguerite) Internet service providers making it a costly difficult chore for subscribers to access alternatives to piracy is one of the most prominent causes for the Net Neutrality Act. The internet is a technology that has changed modern civilization, and continues to change the the things we do, and how we communicate. The net neutrality act is set to defend its ability to do so. Proposed piracy laws that infringe on peoples rights and privacy, inability to control how laws are monitored and prosecuted, and internet service providers limiting usage to cheap alternatives to piracy are some of the main causes of the Net Neutrality Act swelling so much in recent times. When I invented the Web, I didnt have to ask anyones permission. Now, hundreds of millions of people are using it freely. I am worried that that is going end. (Berners-Lee, Tim)